All wild rice genera on the world

All wild rice genera on the world

Wild rice Oryza rufipogon

Classification

Order:	Poales
Family:	Poaceae
Subfamily:	Ehrhartoideae
Tribe:	Oryzeae Dumort.
Genera:	12 Genera
Genus: Oryza L. Genus: Zizania L.

Oryzeae is a tribe of flowering plants in the grass family, Poaceae. It contains 12 genera, including both cultivated rice genus (Oryza) and wild rice genus (Zizania).

Genus: Oryza L.

Oryza is a genus of seven to twenty species of grasses in the tribe Oryzeae, within the subfamily Ehrhartoideae, native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Northern Australia and Africa.

While USDA plants lists have only seven species, others have identified up to 17 or 21 or 25, including sativa, barthii, glaberrima, meridionalis, nivara, rufipogon, punctata, latifolia, alta, grandiglumis, eichingeri, officinalis, rhisomatis, minuta, australiensis, granulata, meyeriana, and brachyantha...

Two species, Asian rice (O. sativa) and Africa rice (O. glaberrima), are the cultivating rice species, provides 20% of global grain and is a food crop of major global importance. The many other species mentioned above are wild rice species.

The wild rice species of genus Oryza

The wild rice species	Distribution
Oryza alta	Belize, Brazil, Colombia, Guyana and Paraquay
Oryza australiensis	Northern Australia
Oryza barthii	Africa, South America, Northern Australia
Oryza brachyantha	Africa
Oryza eichingeri	Africa
Oryza glumaepatula	South America
Oryza grandiglumis	South America
Oryza granulata	Southeast Asia
Oryza latifolia	South America, Caribbean
Oryza longiglumis	Indonesya (Irian Java), Papua New Guinea
Oryza longistaminata	USA ,  Nylsvley Nature Reserve in South Africa.
Oryza malampuzhaensis	Western Ghats of Southern India
Oryza meridionalis Ng	Australia, Indonesya (Irian Java), Papua New Guinea
Oryza meyeriana	Southeast Asia
Oryza minuta	Philippines and Papua New Guinea
Oryza neocaledonica	New Caledonia
Oryza nivara	South and Southest Asia.
Oryza officinalis	Australia, South and Southeast Asia.
Oryza punctata	Africa, South Africa, Madagascar,Thailand.
Oryza rhizomatis	Sri Lanka
Oryza ridleyi	Southeast Asia
Oryza rufipogon	China, India, Nepal, Sri Lanka,Southeast Asia
Oryza schlechteri	Indonesya (Irian Java), Papua New Guinea
Oryza schweinfurthiana	South Africa

Genus: Zizania L.

Wild rice (also called Canada rice, Indian rice, and water oats) is four species of grasses forming the genus Zizania, and the grain which can be harvested from them. The grain was historically gathered and eaten in both North America and China. While it is now something of a delicacy in North America, the grain is eaten less in China, where the plant's stem is used as a vegetable.

Wild rice is not directly related to Asian rice (Oryza sativa), whose wild progenitors are O. rufipogon and O. nivara, although they are close cousins, sharing the tribe Oryzeae. The plants grow in shallow water in small lakes and slow-flowing streams; often, only the flowering head of wild rice rises above the water. The grain is eaten by dabbling ducks and other aquatic wildlife, as well as humans.

The wild rice species of genus Zizania L.

1-Zizania aquatica L.

Native to North America from the northern end of Lake Winnipeg southward to Gulf of Mexico, and eastward to the Atlantic Coast, being more generally found in Minnesota and in southern Manitoba and Ontario, Canada.

A related, perennial species (Zizania latifolia) is known from Eastern Asia.

This species has two subspecies:

Zizania palustris var. interior (Fassett) Dore

Zizania palustris var. palustris

2-Zizania latifolia (Griseb.) Turcz.ex Stapf

Manchurian wild rice (Z. latifolia; incorrect synonym: Z. caduciflora), is a perennial native to China.

3-Zizania palustris L.

Northern wild rice (Zizania palustris) is an annual plant native to the Great Lakes region of North America, the aquatic areas of the Boreal Forest regions of Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba in Canada and Minnesota, Wisconsin and Michigan in the US.

4-Zizania texana Hitchc.

Texas wild rice (Z. texana) is a perennial plant only found in a small area along the San Marcos River in central Texas.

One species is native to Asia: Texas wild rice is in danger of extinction due to loss of suitable habitat in its limited range and to pollution. The pollen of Texas wild rice can only travel about 30 inches away from a parent plant. If pollen does not land on a receptive female flower within that distance, no seeds are produced.

Manchurian wild rice has almost disappeared from the wild in its native range, but has been accidentally introduced into the wild in New Zealand and is considered an invasive species there.

References

            1-http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wild_rice

2-http://www.rook.org/earl/bwca/nature/grass/WIP/zizania.html

3-http://www.knowledgebank.irri.org/extension/contributors.html